Mmepụta nke ihe eji agbado ọkụ na mba m abawanyela n'ụkwụ na nchara, nsonaazụ ya na-aga n'ihu na-abawanye n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Naanị na-agụta electrodes na wires, mmepụta bụ 629,600 ton na 1996, 1.449 nde tọn na 2002, na 1.7 nde tọn na 2003 (gụnyere 1.2 nde tọn electrodes, 300,000 tons nke siri ike wires, 35,000 x 200,000. Welding waya flux XNUMX ton), bụ mba na-emepụta ihe ịgbado ọkụ kacha ukwuu n'ụwa. 

Otú ọ dị, mmepụta nke akwụkwọ ikike ịgbado ọkụ electrodes na ịgbado ọkụ consumables na-emepụta na mba m na-mgbe niile aza maka 75%, na ngụkọta ego nke iche iche ịgbado ọkụ wires bụ banyere 25%. Gbakọọ na ndabere nke echekwabara metal, na 2002, ịgbado ọkụ mechanization na automation ọnụego na obodo m nwere ike iru 40.1%, ebe ulo oru mepere emepe mba n'ụwa n'ozuzu n'elu 60%-70%. Enwere ike ịhụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ akpaaka nke mmepụta ịgbado ọkụ na mba m ka dị obere n'ozuzu ya. Ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ nke obodo m na mba ndị mepere emepe abụghịzi ihe nrụpụta, mana n'ihe gbasara ogo zuru oke na ọkwa nyocha sayensị, gụnyere ogo ndị ọrụ, ọkwa njikwa, akụrụngwa mmepụta, teknụzụ nnwale, mmepe ngwaahịa na ihe ndị ọzọ.

1. Mgbado ọkụ

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, e nwere ihe dị ka ndị na-emepụta electrode 500 na mba m, nke ihe dị ka 300 nwere ọnọdụ mmepụta zuru oke, usoro nyocha na usoro nkwenye dị mma, na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 200 nwere ụfọdụ ọnọdụ mmepụta ma enweghị ụzọ nyocha. Ike mmepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ bụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 150. Na 2003, mmepụta nke mkpanaka ịgbado ọkụ bụ 1.2 nde tọn.

Ndị na-emepụta elektrọd ịgbado ọkụ dị na mpaghara niile ma e wezụga Tibet, ụdị akụ na ụba ha gụnyere nke steeti nwere, mkpokọta, nkeonwe, njikọ aka, ikike naanị ya na nkekọrịta. A na-emepụta mkpara ịgbado ọkụ n'ọtụtụ nnukwu ndị na-emepụta ihe ịgbado ọkụ, dị ka Tianjin Jinqiao Welding Materials Company, Tianjin Bridge Group Company, Sichuan Atlantic Group Company, wdg. The iche bụ tumadi structural ígwè electrodes, nakwa dị ka okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ígwè electrodes, igwe anaghị agba nchara. electrodes, electrodes surfacing, nickel dabeere electrodes, nkedo ígwè electrodes na ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche-ebumnobi electrodes.

2. Welding waya

2.1, gas na-echebe waya ịgbado ọkụ siri ike

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, e nwere ndị na-emepụta waya siri ike ịgbado ọkụ 200-250 gas na mba ahụ, na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 50 ụdị ngwá ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị iche iche esiwo na Germany, Sweden, Canada, Japan, Switzerland, Italy na Taiwan, na ihe karịrị 100 ụlọ. ma ọ bụ akụrụngwa mepụtara onwe ya. Ike mmepụta kwa afọ dị nso 600-700,000 tọn. Na 2003, mmepụta nke waya ịgbado ọkụ siri ike bụ tọn 300,000.

Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe siri ike isi ịgbado ọkụ bụ nke steeti nwe, mkpokọta, nkeonwe, nkwonkwo na naanị nwe. Ndị ọzọ nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ welding electrode osisi na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ ọkpụkpụ azụ nke ịgbado ọkụ waya mmepụta. The ibu mmepụta osisi na-agụnye Jinzhou Jintai Metal Industry Co., Ltd., Sichuan Atlantic Welding Wire Products Co., Ltd., wdg Otú ọ dị, e nwere ole na ole iche nke gas na-echebe ịgbado ọkụ waya. Ewezuga ụdị ER49-1 na ER50-6, nke nwere oke mmepụta ihe, ọtụtụ n'ime ụdị ndị ọzọ nwere obere mmepụta.

2.2. Waya ịgbado ọkụ na-ekpuchi ikuku

Waya ịgbado ọkụ dị elu, n'ihi arụmọrụ ya pụrụ iche, abụrụla ngwa ịgbado ọkụ na-eto ngwa ngwa na mba m, site na ihe na-erughị 1,000 tọn (nke bụ waya siri ike) na 1996 ruo tọn 35,000 (nke bụ waya dị mkpa) na 2003, na-emepe emepe. nkezi uto uto kwa afọ nke kariri 50%. N'oge gara aga, ọ na-adabere na mbubata. Ugbu a ihe karịrị 50% nke eriri ịgbado ọkụ na-agbado ọkụ na China ka a na-emepụta n'onwe ya, ma enwere obere mbupụ. Ebe ngwa ngwa ejirila nke nta nke nta gbasaa site na ịrụ ụgbọ mmiri ruo n'iwu, àkwà mmiri, igwe dị arọ, igwe ọkụ ọkụ, ụgbọ mmiri nrụgide, pipeline, ụlọ ígwè na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.

Enwere ndị nrụpụta 29 na-emepụta waya ịgbado ọkụ na mba niile yana ahịrị mmepụta 49, gụnyere ahịrị mmepụta 25 ebubata (gụnyere 3 emere na Taiwan) na 24 emepụtara n'ụlọ, yana ikike imepụta ihe karịrị tọn 50,000 kwa afọ. Enwere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta waya 4 buru ibu na China, ya bụ Tiantai Welding Materials (Kunshan) Co., Ltd., Guangtai Welding Materials Co., Ltd., Tianjin Sanying Welding Industry Co., Ltd., na Antai Technology Co., Ltd. Welding Materials Division Company (Beijing Ganglian Welding Materials Co., Ltd. jikọtara n'ime ụlọ ọrụ a na 2003).

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ngwaahịa waya ịgbado ọkụ nke mba m na-agụnye usoro atọ nke nchekwa gas titanium, nchebe gas alkaline na ịnya elu na-agaghị eyi. Ha na-adabara maka carbon ígwè, obere alloy elu-ike ígwè, igwe anaghị agba nchara, wdg, na ike izute ịgbado ọkụ chọrọ nke izugbe engineering Ọdịdị.

2.3. Waya ịgbado ọkụ n'ime mmiri na flux

Mpụta nke waya ịgbado ọkụ n'okpuru mmiri abawanyela nke ukwuu n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, mana ọ na-akpata naanị ihe dịka 5.5% nke mkpokọta ịgbado ọkụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke waya ịgbado ọkụ n'ime mmiri na mba ndị mepere emepe na-adịkarị n'etiti 8-10%.

Ebe mmepụta nke waya ịgbado ọkụ n'okpuru mmiri dị mfe, ma ụlọ ọrụ electrode izugbe na ụlọ ọrụ waya igwe nwere ike ịnye ya. Enwere ọtụtụ narị ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike ịnye waya ịgbado ọkụ n'ime mmiri, ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ebunye ya n'ụdị diski. Nsonaazụ na 2003 bụ ihe dị ka tọn 80,000.

E nwere tumadi ụdị abụọ nke arc fluxes submerged, ụdị agbaze na sintered ụdị. Obodo anyị na-emepụta ma na-eji mmiri gbazere eme ihe. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, e nwere ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta flux 30 nwere ikike mmepụta kwa afọ nke ihe dị ka tọn 150,000, nke mgbaze gbazere bụ tọn 110,200,000, na flux sintered bụ 30,000 ruo 40,000 tọn. Enwere ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ 10 nwere ike ịmepụta flux sintered. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ahịa flux nke sintered Site na mgbasawanye na-aga n'ihu, oke nke sintered flux na flux na-abawanye. N'afọ 2003, mmepụta nke arc flux dị n'ime mmiri dị ihe dị ka tọn 120,000.

3. Enwere nsogbu

⑴ Ọnụ ahịa ụlọ ahịa nke ihe eji agbado ọkụ dị oke ala, ọkachasị ọnụ ahịa mkpanaka ịgbado ọkụ dị oke ala, na-ebute okirikiri ọjọọ;

⑵ Enwere ngwaahịa pụrụ iche dị ole na ole, dị ka mkpanaka ịgbado ọkụ na-adịghị anwụrụ ọkụ ejiri maka saịtị akara, mkpanaka ịgbado ọkụ nwere ikike mgbochi porosity siri ike nke ejiri akwa mgbochi nchara, wdg;

(3) The iche iche nke siri ike-isi ịgbado ọkụ waya dị obere, nke tumadi mmachi site ọkọnọ nke ígwè.

Njikọ na akụkọ a ： Ọnọdụ dị ugbu a na nsogbu ndị dị na ụlọ ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ

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