Ọbịbịa bakelite dị nnukwu mkpa maka mmepe ụlọ ọrụ

Usoro Nkwadebe

Phenolic resin na aldehyde onyinye nwere ike ịkwadebe site na mmeghachi omume polycondensation n'okpuru ihe nke acidic ma ọ bụ isi ihe na-akpali akpali. Ofụri Esịt mix phenolic resin na sawnwood ntụ ntụ, talc (dịanyā), urotropine (gwọọ gị n'ụlọnga), stearic acid (mmanu), ink, wdg, na okpomọkụ na igwakorita na igwekota iji nweta bakelite ntụ ntụ. A na-eme ka ntụ ọka bakelite na-ekpo ọkụ ma jikọta ya na ebu iji nweta ngwaahịa plastik phenolic.

ọghọm

Emezighị emezi nke phenolic resins bụ ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-adịghị mma ma na-eguzogide ọgwụ na mmanụ na ọgwụ. Iji merie ntụpọ ndị a dị n'elu, ndị mmadụ agbanweela resin phenolic. Gbakwunye fillers dị iche iche na resins phenolic nwere ike nweta resins phenolic gbanwere na ọrụ dị iche iche. Plastics, dị ka ịgbakwunye asbestos na mica na ihe ndị ahụ, nwere ike ime ka nkwụsị acid, alkali na-eguzogide ya, na nkwụsị abrasion, ma nwee ike iji ya mee ihe maka akụrụngwa kemịkal na ngwa maka akụrụngwa na ụgbọ ala; agbakwunye iko eriri nwere ike ime ka ike ghara ịdị ma nwee ike iji ya dị ka akụkụ igwe Mgbe emechara ya na roba nitrile, a na-emeziwanye nkwụsi ike na mmetụta ike; mgbe emeziri na polyvinyl chloride, ọ nwere ike melite n'ibu ike na acid-eguzogide.

Isi Iyi nke Akụrụngwa

Phenolic plastik bara ọgaranya na ngwaọrụ, dị mfe na njikọ na-emeputa ihe, dị ọnụ ala na ọnụahịa, ma nwee arụmọrụ dị mma. Ha ka bụ plastik kachasị na ụwa.

Njirimara nke aru

Phenolic plastik bụ ihe siri ike na ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ.
Njirimara nke bakelite bụ ndị na-adịghị amị amị, na-enweghị ntụpọ, na-eguzogide ọgwụ dị elu, ike dị elu, na-ejikarị ya na ngwa eletriki. N'ihi mkpuchi elu na plastic dị ka nkụ, a na-akpọ ya "bakelite". A na-eji resin phenolic ntụ ntụ emee Bakelite, nke agwakọtara ya na sawdust, asbestos ma ọ bụ ụrọ, wee tinye ya na ngwaahịa emechara na okpomọkụ dị elu. Phenolic resin bụ ụwa mbụ sịntetik resin.
Phenolic plastic (bakelite): Elu siri ike, na-emebi emebi ma na-emebi emebi, a na-enwekwa ụda osisi mgbe a kụrụ ya. Ọtụtụ n’ime ha bụ opaque na ọchịchịrị (aja aja ma ọ bụ oji). Ọ bụ insulator, akụkụ ya bụ phenolic resin.
Nhazi

• 1. Ezi formability, ma shrinkage na directionality bụ n'ozuzu ha karịa amino plastik, na-ebu mmiri volatiles. Okwesiri ibu uzo tupu igba ya, ma gha agha ike n'oge nkedo. Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị preheated, ebu okpomọkụ na ịkpụzi nsogbu kwesịrị-amụba.
• 2. moldkpụzi ebu n’ọkụ nwere oke mmetụta na mmiri mmiri. N'ozuzu, mgbe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ gafere ogo 160, mmiri mmiri ahụ ga-ada ngwa ngwa.
• 3. speedgba ọsọ na-adịkarị nwayọ karịa plastik amino, ọkụ a na-ewepụta n'oge a na-agwọ ya buru ibu. Ọnọdụ dị n'ime nnukwu akụkụ plastik buru ibu na-adịkarị oke, nke na-adịkarị njọ ma na-ekpo oke ọkụ.

Mgbe formaldehyde / phenol (molar ratio) erughị 1, a thermoplastic ngwaahịa nwere ike nweta, a na-akpọ a thermoplastic phenolic resin, ya bụ, a novolak phenolic resin, nke na-adịghị nwere ọzọ polycondensation iche iche, na nwere ike gwọrọ site na-agbakwunye a ọgwụgwọ na kpo oku. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, iji hexamethylenetetramine dị ka onye na-agwọ ọrịa, ọnọdụ ọgwụgwọ bụ 150 ℃, na ntụ ntụ na-agwakọta ya na filler bụ nke a maara dị ka ntụ ntụ. Mgbe formaldehyde / phenol (molar ruru) karịrị 1, resin nke mbụ, ya bụ resin thermosetting, nwere ike nweta ya n'okpuru alkali catalysis, nke enwere ike ịgbari na ihe mgbaze mmiri. Mkpụrụ resin nke mbụ nwere hydroxymethyl nke nwere ike ịmekwu polycondensed, ya mere ọ dịghị mkpa Ọ nwere ike gwọọ ya site na ịgbakwunye onye na-agwọ ọrịa: a na-enweta resin B site na mmeghachi omume n'okpuru kpo oku, nke a makwaara dị ka resin soluble phenolic, bụ nke anaghị edozi enweghi ike iwepu aru ma o nwere ike iza aza ma di nro. Mgbe mmeghachi omume ọzọ, a na-enweta mkpụrụ ndụ C-stage resin, nke a makwaara dị ka resin phenolic insoluble na nke a na-apụghị ịkọwapụta. Resin na ogbo A nwekwara ike gwọọ onwe ya ogologo oge.
Divideddị ọgwụgwọ nke thermosetting phenolic resin na-ekewa n'ime ụdị abụọ: ọgwụgwọ nkịtị na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa. Nkịtị okpomọkụ gwọọ nwere ike iji na-abụghị ndị na-egbu egbu nkịtị okpomọkụ gwọọ gị n'ụlọnga NL, ma ọ bụ benzenesulfonyl chloride ma ọ bụ mmanụ ala sulfonic acid, ma nke ikpeazụ abụọ ihe ndị ọzọ na-egbu egbu na mgbakasi.

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