A na-eziga profaịlụ aluminom na ogbako oxidation mgbe extrusion, ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ ịka nká, na ọrụ. Enwere ihe nkiri oxide eke, ihe nkiri mmanụ, uzuzu, kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na ncha, yana akwa alloy metamorphic n'elu. A ghaghị ịsacha elu ahụ nke ọma tupu oxidation mee ka ọ bụrụ otu. Nke a dị ezigbo mkpa maka ịnweta ihe agba agba oxidized dị elu. Statistics na-egosi na ihe karịrị 60% nke pụtara àgwà nsogbu nke aluminum profile oxidation na agba na-akpata site ogbenye pretreatment, nke na-erughị eru alkali corrosion àgwà akaụntụ maka ọtụtụ, nke na-egosi mkpa pretreatment.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, pretreatment nke profaịlụ aluminom na China na-eji naanị mmebi, alkali etching na decontamination na usoro na-enye ọkụ. Naanị mgbe igwe anaghị agba nchara na-acha odo odo na-acha odo odo, a na-eji usoro nhazi ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ polishing maka imecha ọzọ.

1 wedara

A na-akpọkwa iweda ala. Nzube ya bụ iji wepụ eke oxide film, usoro lubricating mmanụ, mgbochi nchara mmanụ, aka ọsụsọ na unyi arapara na griiz iji hụ na elu nwere ike uniformly corroded n'oge alkali corrosion na iji chebe alkali corrosion tank. Ịdị ọcha. Ọ bụrụ na ewepụghị griiz ahụ, alkali corrosion agaghị adị n'otu, a ga-enwekwa ụkpụrụ gbara ọchịchịrị na elu na-enweghị isi mgbe oxidation na agba agba, nke bụkwa otu n'ime ihe kpatara corrosion n'oge alkali corrosion. Ọtụtụ n'ime obodo anyị na-anabata teknụzụ extrusion na-abụghị mmanụ mmanu iji belata griiz na uzuzu na unyi ndị ọzọ, na-agbaso usoro mkpocha kemịkalụ. Mbelata kemịkalụ nwere ike iji alkaline, nnọpụiche ma ọ bụ mmiri na-emebi acid.

1.1 alkaline chemical degenreasing

Ngwunye kemịkalụ alkaline nwere ọnụ ala dị ala, anaghị emetọ ihe ngwọta alkaline etching, ma nwee mmetụta dị mma, ya mere a na-eji ya eme ihe. Ihe kachasị mkpa nke mmebi kemịkalụ alkaline bụ nsonaazụ nke saponification na emulsification abụọ. Na mgbakwunye na soda caustic, mmiri mmiri na-ebelata alkaline na-agụnye phosphate na-ewu ihe, carbonate buffer, na emulsifiers dị ka iko mmiri na OP. N'ozuzu, alkaline chemical degenreasing na-ejikarị anionic na nonionic surfactants; Ihe na-emebi acidic na-eji cationic surfactants.

Ọtụtụ mgbe mejupụtara alkaline degreasing mmiri mmiri: NaOH 10-20 g / L, Na3PO4 30-50 g / L, Na2CO3 10-20 g / L, Na2SiO3 10-20 g / L, surfactant 1 g / L, 60-70 ℃, 1—3 min.

Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị na-eme ngwa ngwa na-ere ahịa n'ahịa na ụlọ okpomọkụ na-anọpụ iche ma ọ bụ na-adịghị ike alkaline. Nke mbụ na-abụkarị nchikota nke ihe dị iche iche nke na-egbuke egbuke na-egbuke egbuke na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ihe dị iche iche, ebe nke ikpeazụ bụ ngwakọta nke ndị na-ewu ụlọ na ndị surfactants. Bụrụ. N'agbanyeghị ụdị a na-eji n'okpuru 20 ° C, oge nkwụsịtụ ga-adịrịrị karịa nkeji 10, na mmetụta kachasị mma mgbe ejiri ya na 35-45 ° C.

1.2 Acid ibelata

Acid degenreasing bụ naanị adabara LD31 aluminum alloy. Ugbu a, a na-eji usoro mmebi acid eme ihe karịa usoro alkaline. Ihe kpatara ya bụ na usoro a nwere ike iji aluminom oxidation mkpofu acid na decontamination mkpofu acid, nke mere na-eme ihe kasị mma nke ihe na ibelata ego. . Mmiri mmiri na-emebi acid nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ:

• 1) Usoro sulfuric acid H2SO4 10%——15% 50——60℃ 2——4 min.
• 2) Usoro nitric acid HNO3 15% -20% okpomọkụ ụlọ 2-4 min
• 3) Ngwakọta acid HNO3 10% H2SO4 10% ụlọ okpomọkụ 1-3 min

"Ụfọdụ na-agbakwunye obere cationic ma ọ bụ amphoteric surfactants na ndị na-emebi acid iji melite arụmọrụ.

Ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ na-adị nwayọọ n'iwetu ihe. Dị ka ọmụmaatụ, sulfuric acid degreasing na-atụ aro mgbe imikpu ihe karịrị sekọnd iri na ụlọ okpomọkụ. Ọ naghị enweta ebumnobi nke iweda ala ma ọlị. Ọzọkwa, a na-etinye ya n'ime tankị corrosion alkali na-enweghị ịsacha, nke na-eweta nsogbu dị iche iche: 1) Ọ dịghị degenreasing Clean, alkaline etching bụ ihe na-adịghị mma, elu na-apụta dị iche iche gloss, na mgbe ahụ oxidation agba bụkwa enweghị isi. 2) Weta acid siri ike dị ka sulfuric acid n'ime tank alkali etching iji kpochapụ soda caustic, ma n'otu oge ahụ, sulfate radicals na-emeghachi omume na ion aluminum na sodium ion na alkali tank iji mepụta aluminom alum [NaAl (SO4) 2] , nke na-etolite oke mmiri ozuzo na alkali etching tank. Ọ ga-araparakwa na profaịlụ ma mee ka mmetọ gafere nke tankị usoro na-esote.

2 alkaline etching

Ogo nke etching alkaline na-ekpebikarị ogo elu nke profaịlụ, yana oxidation, agba, na usoro akara na-esote agaghị eme nke ọma. Ọ bụrụ na alkali etching adịghị mma, ogologo warara olulu na ntụpọ ga-apụta, na agba ihe ga-enwe ọchịchịrị ụkpụrụ, na-enweghị isi gloss, obere nchapụta na ọchịchịrị isi awọ, karịsịa mgbe adịghị ọcha na aluminum gafere ọkọlọtọ, ọ ga-adị njọ karị.

2.1 Ebumnuche nke etching alkaline

• 1) Wepu ihe nkiri oxide nke fọdụrụ na ihe ndị fọdụrụ na-emebi ihe nke aluminom n'oge usoro nkwụsị;
• 2) Wepu unyi dị ka griiz nke na-abanye n'ime oyi akwa nke aluminom;
• 3) Wepụ ihe mkpuchi alloy gbanwetụrụ n'elu profaịlụ;
• 4) Wepụ extrusion, ebu akara, scratches na ndị ọzọ n'elu ntụpọ, dozie na larịị elu nke mkpụrụ na-eme ka ọ edo;
• 5) Site na corrosion na-agafeghị oke iji nweta mmetụta pụrụ iche dị ka matte, ezigbo ájá ájá, elu ala, wdg, iji meziwanye ihe ịchọ mma nke ngwaahịa ahụ.

2.2 Gịnị mere ogologo ndụ alkaline etching gị n'ụlọnga

N'oge alkaline etching, mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ ndị a na-eme n'etiti aluminum na alkaline etching solution:

• Al2O3 2NaOH→2NaAlO2 H2O　　（1）
• 2Al 2NaOH 2H2O→2NaAlO2 3H2↑　　（2）
• 2NaAlO2 4H2O→2Al(OH)3↓ 2NaOH　　（3）

mmeghachi omume

• (1) na-ewepụ ihe nkiri oxide eke; mmeghachi omume
• (2) bụ corrosion na mgbasa nke matrix aluminum site caustic soda; mmeghachi omume
• (3) bụ hydrolysis nke sodium metaaluminate na-etolite Al (OH) 3 mmiri ozuzo, mgbe etisasịwo aluminum na alkali etching tank ruru.

Mmeghachi omume a na-eme mgbe 35 g / L na enweghị ogologo ndụ alkaline etching agent agbakwunyere. Ihe si na Al (OH) 3 siri ike pụta bụ ebe na-arụ ọrụ nke na-akpali hydrolysis nke sodium metaaluminate. Mmeghachi omume a bụ ihe na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha, na Al (OH) 3 na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ rie mmiri na Al2O3 n'otu okpomọkụ. Ihe nkwụnye ego na tube na-etolite nkume siri ike nke a na-akpọ diaspore. A na-akwụsịkarị mmepụta maka iwepụ kwa ọnwa, nke ọ bụghị nanị na-emetụta mmepụta, ma ọ na-esikwa ike na enweghị nchebe iwepụ. Mgbakwunye nke onye na-ahụ maka etching alkaline ogologo ndụ nwere ike ime ka sodium metaaluminate kwụsie ike nke ukwuu na ọ gaghị emepụta diaspore. Mgbe aluminom gbazere ruru 110-120 g / L, aluminom gbazere na profaịlụ na ion aluminom rụrụ ga-eru nguzo siri ike. , Enwere ike iji ngwọta mee ihe ruo ogologo oge.

Arụmọrụ nke ogologo ndụ alkaline etching gị n'ụlọnga mepụtara na China eruola ma gafere ọkwa nke ngwaahịa ebubata, ma nwee njirimara ndị a: 1) Kwe ka aluminom gbazere ruo 100-120 g / L na-enweghị hydrolysis na agglomeration, na mgbe ụfọdụ. hydrolysis na-eme mgbe okpomọkụ na-ebelata. Ọ dịghị agglomerate ma dị mfe ihicha; 2) Ebe ọ bụ na aluminom na-ekwe ka igbari elu, na alkali corrosion ebu nwere ike smoothed na larịị.

Njikọ na akụkọ a ：Mmetụta nke ịda mbà n'obi, Alkali Etching na Light Extraction na Aluminom Profaịlụ Oxidation Quality

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